Conversion of algal biomass into renewable fuel: A mini review of chemical and biochemical processes

Microalgae are a vital resource for the coming years to address concern of decrease in oil reserves and negative impacts fossil fuels on environment. Their utilization is crucial wide range industrial applications. Depending strain, microalgae contain variety chemical components can be treated biochemically or thermochemically. This review thus focuses biochemical mechanisms that used convert algal biomass into sustainable fuel, including challenges potential those processes. have been shown viable third-generation alternative conventional biofuel feedstocks. The optimum production depends proper selection species based their lipid, carbohydrate, protein content order produce high-quality, biofuel. Nannochloropsis gaditana contribute maximum biodiesel yield 96.47%, whereas oculata least (25%) through process transesterification. Higher yields microalgae-derived gaseous, solid liquid achieved by pre-treating microalgal then employing bioconversion processes such as photo-fermentation hydrothermal carbonization.